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🖥️ How to Pack a Tuple and Unpack a Tuple in Python?
○ Tuple Packing in Python
When a tuple is created, the items in the tuple are packed together into an object. In this example, the values ‘red’, ‘green’, ‘blue’ and ‘yellow’ are packed all together, into a tuple.
my_tuple = ('red', 'green', 'blue', 'yellow')
# my_tuple = ('red', 'green', 'blue', 'yellow')
○ Tuple Unpacking in Python
When a packed tuple is then unpacked, the individual items are unpacked and assigned to the items you defined. In the below example, the tuple “my_tuple” is unpacked into the variables ‘red’, ‘green’, ‘blue’ and ‘yellow’ so you can access each one of them individually.
my_tuple = ('red', 'green', 'blue', 'yellow')
(red, green, blue, yellow) = my_tuple
print(red) # red
print(green) # green
print(blue) # blue
print(yellow) # yellow
Nota: When unpacking, the number of variables on the left MUST match the number of items in the tuple.
○ Common Errors while Unpacking a Tuple in Python
Here are some very common errors during tuple unpacking – too many arguments, or not enough values to unpack!
my_tuple = ('red', 'green', 'blue', 'yellow')
(red, green) = my_tuple
# ValueError: too many values to unpack
my_tuple = ('red', 'green', 'blue')
(red, green, blue, extra) = my_tuple
# ValueError: not enough values to unpack (expected 4, got 3)
○ Unpack Tuple without Storing its Values (_)
Eventually, you may also want to unpack only some values from your tuple, but do not store all of its items inside each variable. Fortunately, Python offers this feature, using “_”. This way, each item is mapped into a new (placeholder) variable when it has one affected, and store its value so you can access it later.
# Do not store the value yellow
my_tuple = ('red', 'green', 'blue', 'yellow')
red, green, blue, _ = my_tuple
—
Awesome! But, you do not have any idea when using packing and unpacking methods might be useful for you? Here are a few examples in which you may want to pack and unpack a tuple.
Tuple unpacking comes handy when you want to swap values of two variables, without using a temporary variable.
a = 1
b = 99
# Swap values
a, b = b, a
print(a) # 99
print(b) # 1
While unpacking a tuple, the right side can be any kind of sequence: tuple, string or list. Typically, you may also apply any method on your variable that will return this kind of sequence, then proceed with unpacking. For instance, this example will split a string representing an email address into its user and domain, so you can access them.
# Split an email address
addr = 'digital.academy@free.fr'
user, domain = addr.split('@')
# user = digital.academy
# domain = free.fr
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How to Pack and Unpack a Tuple in Python? (+ ValueError)
